Technological risk assessment methodology
Contents
1. Scope .......................................................................................................................6
1.1 General Principles .....................................................................................6
2. Reference documents .............................................................................................7
3. Terminology and definitions ..................................................................................9
3.1 Definitions ..........................................................................................9
3.2 Abbreviations ............................................................................13
4. Technological risk assessment ...........................................................................14
4.1 Five Steps of Risk Management ..................................................16
4.2 Two Parallel Methods for Risk Analysis ..............................................16
4.3 Life Cycle Risk Assessment ................................................17
4.4 Scope of Work of Risk Assessment...............................................17
4.5 Scenario Definition......................................................20
4.6 Typical Upstream Scenarios....................................................21
5. Hazard identification (HAZID) ...............................................................................28
5.1 Objectives .........................................................................................28
5.2 Methods ..........................................................................................28
6. Preliminary risk assessment ................................................................................29
6.1 Objectives .................................................................29
6.2 Methods for Preliminary Risk Assessment .....................................................30
6.3 Scenario development ................................................................................33
6.4 Frequency of Central Critical Event................................................................35
6.5 Consequence Estimation ..............................................................................35
6.6 Frequency of Hazard Outcome.......................................................................35
6.7 Damage Severity and frequenc .....................................................................36
6.8 Reporting ........................................................................................................36
6.9 Preliminary Risk Assessment Validation Workshop ......................................37
7. Risk management sheets .....................................................................................38
7.1 Objectives ....................................................................................................38
7.2 Preparation of RMS Method ..........................................................................38
7.3 Review of Frequenci....................................................................39
7.4 Format of Risk Management Sheets .............................................................39
7.5 RMS Reporting ..........................................................................................40
7.6 Reporting and treatment of the other types of scenarios ................................41
8. Detailed risk analysis of scenarios ......................................................................42
8.1 Objectives ..................................................................................................43
8.2 Review of Scenario ....................................................................................46
8.3 Frequency Analysis ......................................................................................46
8.4 Detailed Consequence Analysis ....................................................................48
8.5 Escalation Potential .....................................................................................48
8.6 Sensitivity Studies............................................................................................49
8.7 Probabilistic Estimation of Damage Category and Frequency ........................49
8.8 Risk Reduction Workshop ...........................................................................51
8.9 Updating of Detailed Risk Analysis.................................................................51
8.10 Reporting .................................................................................................51
9. Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) ........................................................................52
9.1 Objectives ...................................................................................................52
9.2 Preparation ..................................................................................................54
9.3 List of Hazardous Events .............................................................................54
9.4 Frequency Analysis ..................................................................................55
9.5 Consequence Analysis ...................................................................................55
9.6 Impact Analysis .......................................................................................55
9.7 Escalation Potential ......................................................................................56
9.8 Sensitivity Studies...........................................................................................56
9.9 Risk Presentation..........................................................................................56
9.10 Risk Reduction Workshop ..........................................................................57
9.11 Updating of QRA.........................................................................................57
9.12 Reporting ...................................................................................................57
10. Sensitivity analysis ...............................................................................................58
10.1 Objectives ...................................................................................................58
10.2 Defining Sensitivity Cases ..........................................................................58
10.3 Presentation of Sensitivity Analysis ..............................................................59
11. Risk evaluation ......................................................................................................59
11.1 Objectives .................................................................................................59
11.2 Evaluation Principles ....................................................................................59
11.3 Scenario Risk Evaluation ...........................................................................60
11.4 Quantitative Risk Evaluation..........................................................................61
12. ALARP demonstration ..........................................................................................63
12.1 Objectives .....................................................................................................63
12.2 Targets for ALARP Demonstration ..............................................................65
12.3 Risk Reduction Workshop ...........................................................................66
12.4 Qualitative Evaluation of Risk Reduction Measures .....................................68
12.5 Quantitative Evaluation of Risk Reduction Measures...................................69
12.6 Cost Benefit Analysis....................................................................................69
12.7 Reporting and ALARP Decision Tables ...................................................73
13. Major risk register .................................................................................................74
13.1 Objectives ...................................................................................................74
13.2 Safety Critical Measures...............................................................................74
13.3 Reporting .....................................................................................................77
14. Audit and peer reviews .........................................................................................77
14.1 Objectives ...................................................................................................77
14.2 Reporting Requirements..................................................................................................78
14.3 Audits ...........................................................................................................79
14.4 Peer Reviews................................................................................................79
14.5 Terms of References of Reviews................................................................80
14.6 Close out Audit and Peer Review Recommendations ...............................80
Appendix 1 TRA Generic Scope of Work................................................................81
1. Phase 1 PRA - Generic Scope of Work...........................................................81
2. Phase 2 DRA - Generic Scope of Work ...........................................................82
3. Phase 3 – Alarp demonstration using Cost Benefit Analysis and Major Risk Register
setting up Generic Scope of Work ...................................................................84
Appendix 2 Hazard Identification (HAZID) ..............................................................85
1. HAZID Checklist ..............................................................................................85
2. Hazard Identification Scheme ..........................................................................88
3. Development Phases.......................................................................................89
4. HAZID Leader and Team................................................................................90
5. Reporting .........................................................................................................91
6. Follow-up of HAZID Recommendations .......................................................91
Appendix 3 Isolatable Sections and Hazardous Inventory ...................................92
Appendix 4 HAZID Worksheet .................................................................................94
Appendix 5 Critical Events Register .......................................................................96
Appendix 6 Severity and Frequency Categories ...................................................98
1. Damage Frequency Categories ...................................................................98
Appendix 7 Hazard Intensity Thresholds .............................................................102
1. Thresholds for Injury ......................................................................................102
2. Hazard Intensity Thresholds for Environment................................................104
3. Hazard Intensity Thresholds for Asset Damage ...........................................105
Appendix 8 FACILITATING TOOLS FOR PRA ......................................................106
Appendix 9 Assumptions Register .......................................................................107
Appendix 10 Risk Management Sheets .................................................................110